What is a Torn Meniscus?

A torn meniscus is a common knee injury that affects the cartilage inside your joint. The meniscus acts like a cushion between your thighbone and shinbone, helping your knee move smoothly. When this cartilage is damaged, it can make everyday movement uncomfortable or difficult.

Symptoms and Causes

A torn meniscus can develop suddenly or over time. Symptoms may vary depending on the severity of the tear.

Common symptoms include:

• Pain in the knee, especially with movement
• Swelling or stiffness
• Trouble fully bending or straightening the leg
• A catching, clicking, or locking feeling
• A sense that the knee may give out

Causes may include:

• Twisting or pivoting the knee during sports
• Squatting or lifting heavy objects
• Repetitive strain on the joint
• Natural wear and tear as you age

How is it diagnosed?

Your provider will begin with a physical exam to check how your knee moves and where it hurts. They may gently bend or rotate your leg to look for signs of a tear.

Imaging tests are often used to confirm a diagnosis, such as an MRI or X-ray. In some cases, a minimally invasive procedure called arthroscopy may be used to look directly inside the joint.

How is it treated?

Treatment depends on the severity of the tear and how much it affects your daily life.

For many people, symptoms improve with nonsurgical care, including:

• Rest and limiting activity
• Ice and compression to reduce swelling
• Over-the-counter medications for pain and inflammation
• Physical therapy to strengthen the knee and improve movement

If the tear is more serious or symptoms don’t improve, surgery may be recommended. Arthroscopic surgery uses small incisions and a tiny camera to repair or remove damaged tissue. Most patients go home the same day and begin recovery right away.

Healing can take several weeks to a few months. Physical therapy plays an important role in regaining strength and stability.