What Are Tension Headaches?
Tension headaches are the most common type of headache. They usually cause a dull, steady pressure or tightness around the head instead of sharp or throbbing pain.
These headaches often develop slowly and may affect both sides of the head. Some people experience them only once in a while, while others may have headaches more frequently.
Several factors may increase the risk of tension headaches, including:
- Stress or anxiety
- Poor sleep
- Fatigue
- Skipping meals
- Dehydration
- Poor posture
- Long periods of screen time
- Muscle tension in the neck and shoulders
Symptoms
Tension headaches are often connected to stress, muscle strain, or everyday habits that put tension on the body.
Common symptoms may include:
- A dull or aching headache
- Pressure or tightness around the forehead or scalp
- Pain on both sides of the head
- Tight or sore neck and shoulder muscles
- Mild to moderate discomfort
- Headaches that build gradually over time
Unlike migraines, tension headaches usually do not cause nausea or severe sensitivity to light or sound.
How Is It Diagnosed?
A healthcare provider can often diagnose a tension headache by discussing your symptoms and medical history. During the visit, they may ask when the headaches happen, how long they last, and what the pain feels like.
A physical or neurological exam may also be performed to rule out other causes of headache pain. In some cases, imaging tests such as an MRI or CT scan may be recommended if symptoms are severe, unusual, or changing over time.
How Is It Treated?
Treatment usually starts with simple lifestyle changes and stress management. Many people find relief by improving daily habits and avoiding common triggers.
Treatment options may include:
- Regular sleep and meal schedules
- Staying hydrated
- Daily physical activity
- Stretching and relaxation exercises
- Stress reduction techniques such as yoga or meditation
- Massage therapy
- Over-the-counter pain relievers
If headaches happen often, your provider may recommend preventive treatments or therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy or biofeedback.
Using pain medicine too frequently can sometimes lead to rebound headaches, so it’s important to follow your provider’s guidance.
Most tension headaches improve with consistent care and healthy routines. However, sudden or severe headaches should always be evaluated right away.
