What are spider, reticular, and varicose veins?

These conditions affect the veins just under your skin and are caused by changes in how blood flows through them. Spider veins are small and visible on the surface, while reticular and varicose veins are larger and may sit deeper beneath the skin.

Factors that increase risk include:

• Family history of vein problems
• Getting older
• Being overweight
• Pregnancy or hormonal changes
• Long periods of sitting or standing
• Previous injury to the legs

Symptoms

Vein conditions can look different depending on their size and severity. Some people notice only cosmetic changes, while others experience ongoing discomfort.

Common symptoms include:

• Thin, web-like veins on the skin
• Burning, itching, or stinging sensations
• Aching or heaviness in the legs
• Swelling, especially after standing
• Muscle cramps at night
• Tired or restless legs

How is it diagnosed?

Your provider will begin with a physical exam and a discussion of your symptoms. Visible veins and skin changes often provide important clues.

In many cases, an ultrasound is used to look at blood flow inside the veins. This helps identify how well the valves are working and guides treatment decisions.

How is it treated?

Treatment depends on your symptoms and the type of veins involved. Care often begins with simple, noninvasive options.

Treatments may include:

• Compression stockings
• Lifestyle changes like movement and leg elevation
• Sclerotherapy
• Laser or light therapy
• Electrodesiccation
• Ambulatory phlebectomy
• Other surgical procedures

Most treatments are done on an outpatient basis, and many people return to normal activities quickly. Blood flow naturally shifts to healthier veins after treatment.