What is shoulder pain?

Shoulder pain is discomfort that develops in or around the shoulder joint itself or nearby muscles, tendons, or ligaments.

Common causes and risk factors include:

• Repetitive movements, especially overhead activities
• Sports injuries or falls
• Aging and natural wear of joint tissues
• Conditions like arthritis or bursitis
• Rotator cuff injuries or tendon irritation
• Nerve compression in the neck or shoulder

Symptoms

Shoulder pain can feel different depending on the cause. It may come on suddenly after an injury or develop gradually over time.

Common symptoms include:

• Aching or sharp pain in the shoulder
• Trouble lifting or moving your arm
• Stiffness or reduced range of motion
• Swelling or tenderness
• Weakness in the shoulder
• Numbness or tingling down the arm

How is it diagnosed?

To understand the cause of your shoulder pain, your provider will start with a physical exam and ask about your symptoms and activity level. They will check how your shoulder moves and where it hurts.

Imaging tests, such as X-rays or MRI scans, may be used to examine bones and soft tissues more closely. These tools help identify injuries like tears, inflammation, or joint damage.

How is it treated?

Treatment depends on the cause and the severity of your symptoms. Many people find relief with simple, noninvasive care.

Treatment options include:

• Rest and ice to reduce swelling
• Over-the-counter pain relievers
• Physical therapy
• Prescription medications or injections
• Temporary use of a sling
• Surgery for severe injuries, such as tears or joint damage

Recovery time varies. Mild pain may improve in a few days, while more serious conditions can take several weeks or longer. Following your care plan can help speed healing and prevent future problems.