What Is Seborrheic Dermatitis?
Seborrheic dermatitis is a common skin condition that causes flaky, greasy, or irritated skin. It most often appears in areas with more oil glands, such as the scalp, face, ears, and upper chest.
The exact cause is not fully understood. Experts believe the condition may be linked to an overgrowth of yeast that naturally lives on the skin along with increased oil production.
Risk factors may include:
- Oily skin or hair
- Stress
- Cold or dry weather
- Hormonal changes
- Neurological conditions such as Parkinson disease
- Weakened immune system
The condition is not contagious, but it can come and go over time. Dandruff is considered a mild form of seborrheic dermatitis that affects the scalp.
Symptoms
Seborrheic dermatitis may develop gradually and can flare during certain times of the year.
Common symptoms include:
- Flaky or scaly skin
- Dandruff
- Red or irritated patches
- Greasy skin
- Itching
- Yellow or white crusts or scales
- Dry or cracked skin
Symptoms often appear around the nose, in the eyebrows or beard, behind the ears, on the scalp, and on the upper chest
How Is It Diagnosed?
Healthcare providers usually diagnose seborrheic dermatitis by examining the skin and discussing symptoms and medical history.
In most cases, no special testing is needed. Occasionally, a skin biopsy may be done to rule out other skin conditions.
How Is It Treated?
Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, scaling, and itching while helping prevent flare-ups.
Treatment options may include:
- Medicated shampoos
- Antifungal creams or washes
- Mild corticosteroid creams
- Calcineurin inhibitor creams
- Gentle skin cleansing and moisturizing
Many people need ongoing treatment once or twice a week to help keep symptoms under control. Regular skin care and avoiding harsh products may also help reduce flare-ups.
