What is RSV?

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common virus that affects the lungs and airways. It often causes mild, cold-like symptoms, especially in children. While most people recover without complications, RSV can become serious for infants, older adults, and those with weaker immune systems.

RSV spreads easily and tends to occur more often during the colder months.

How RSV spreads:

• Coughing or sneezing
• Close personal contact, like kissing
• Touching contaminated surfaces and then touching your face

Symptoms

RSV usually starts with symptoms similar to a common cold. In some cases, it can lead to more serious breathing problems.

Common symptoms include:

• Runny or congested nose
• Cough
• Mild fever
• Decreased appetite
• Wheezing
• Fast or difficult breathing

In infants and high-risk individuals, RSV may lead to bronchiolitis (inflamed small airways) or pneumonia.

How is it diagnosed?

Healthcare providers typically diagnose RSV based on symptoms and a physical exam. They may listen to the lungs and check breathing patterns.

In certain cases, especially for infants, older adults, or hospitalized patients, testing may be done to confirm the virus.

How is it treated?

Most RSV infections improve on their own with supportive care at home.

At-home care may include:

• Drinking plenty of fluids
• Managing fever with appropriate medications
• Using a humidifier or warm steam to ease breathing
• Clearing nasal congestion, especially in babies

For more serious cases:

• Oxygen therapy
• IV fluids to prevent dehydration
• Breathing treatments
• Hospital monitoring

Most people recover within one to two weeks, though symptoms may last longer in more severe cases.