What is rheumatoid vasculitis?
Rheumatoid vasculitis is a rare condition that can develop in people who have had rheumatoid arthritis for many years. It happens when inflammation spreads from the joints to the blood vessels.
When blood vessels become inflamed, they can narrow or become blocked. This limits blood flow to various parts of the body and may lead to tissue damage if left untreated.
Symptoms
Rheumatoid vasculitis can affect many areas of the body. Symptoms often appear after years of living with rheumatoid arthritis, including:
- Ongoing fatigue, fever, or weight loss
- Painful skin sores or ulcers
- Purple spots or discoloration on the skin
- Pain in the fingers or toes
- Numbness, tingling, or nerve pain
- Muscle weakness in certain areas
- Eye redness, discomfort, or blurred vision
- Chest pain or irregular heartbeats
How is it diagnosed?
Your provider will begin by reviewing your symptoms and medical history, especially if you have rheumatoid arthritis. To confirm the diagnosis, you may need:
- Blood tests
- Imaging
- A biopsy of a small sample of tissue
- Additional tests, such as heart monitoring
How is it treated?
Treatment focuses on reducing inflammation, protecting blood vessels, and preventing complications. The approach depends on how severe the condition is and which areas of the body are involved.
Options may include:
- Care for minor skin wounds to prevent infection
- Corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
- Medications that calm the immune system
- Advanced therapies, such as biologic drugs
Some people may only need treatment during flare-ups, while others require longer-term care. Early treatment plays an important role in preventing lasting damage and improving quality of life.
