What is a Pinched Nerve?
A pinched nerve happens when too much pressure is put on a nerve. This pressure can come from nearby bones, disks, or tissues. It most often affects the lower back or neck, but it can occur anywhere in the body.
When a nerve is compressed, it can’t send signals properly. This leads to pain, numbness, or weakness in the area the nerve serves.
Common causes include:
- Herniated or bulging disks in the spine
- Age-related wear and tear on spinal structures
- Bone spurs that press on nerves
- Repetitive movements or poor posture
- Extra strain from excess body weight
Symptoms
A pinched nerve can feel different depending on where it occurs, but symptoms often follow a similar pattern.
Common symptoms include:
- Sharp or burning pain that travels down an arm or leg
- Tingling or “pins and needles” sensation
- Numbness in the affected area
- Muscle weakness
- Pain that worsens with movement, sitting, or certain positions
How is it diagnosed?
Your provider will begin with a physical exam to check strength, reflexes, and sensation. They may ask you to move in certain ways to see what triggers symptoms.
Imaging tests such as an MRI, CT scan, or X-ray can help identify the source of pressure on the nerve. In some cases, nerve studies like electromyography (EMG) are used to evaluate how well the nerves are functioning.
How is it treated?
Treatment usually starts with simple, noninvasive options. Many people improve without surgery.
Conservative treatments may include:
- Rest and activity changes
- Anti-inflammatory medications
- Physical therapy to improve strength and flexibility
- Guided exercise programs
- Short-term use of supportive devices, like a neck collar
If symptoms continue, more advanced care may be recommended. This can include steroid injections to reduce inflammation or, in some cases, surgery to relieve pressure on the nerve.
Recovery time varies, but many people begin to feel better within a few weeks. Following your care plan can help prevent symptoms from returning.
