What Is Parotid Duct Obstruction?
Parotid duct obstruction happens when the tube that carries saliva from the parotid gland becomes blocked. The parotid glands are large salivary glands located near the cheeks and jaw.
When saliva cannot drain normally, it may build up in the gland. This can lead to swelling, discomfort, and sometimes infection.
The most common cause is a salivary gland stone. Other possible causes include:
- Scar tissue
- Thick mucus plugs
- Injury to the duct
- Dehydration
- Certain medications that reduce saliva flow
- Smoking
- Inflammation or infection of the salivary gland
Symptoms
Symptoms may come and go, especially during meals when the body naturally produces more saliva.
Common symptoms include:
- Swelling near the cheek or jaw
- Pain or tenderness around the gland
- Symptoms that worsen while eating
- Dry mouth
- Firmness near the gland
- Fever or increased pain if infection develops
How Is It Diagnosed?
Healthcare providers usually diagnose parotid duct obstruction with a physical exam and imaging tests. Your provider may examine the inside of your mouth and gently feel the gland for swelling or stones.
Tests may include:
- Ultrasound
- CT scan
- X-rays
- Sialography, a specialized imaging test for salivary ducts
These tests help locate the blockage and check for infection or other salivary gland problems.
How Is It Treated?
Many mild cases improve with simple home treatments and supportive care.
Treatment may include:
- Drinking more fluids
- Warm compresses
- Gentle massage of the gland
- Sour candies or lozenges to stimulate saliva
- Pain relief medicines
If the blockage does not improve, additional procedures may be needed. These can include minimally invasive techniques to remove or break apart stones, such as sialendoscopy or lithotripsy.
Surgery is sometimes recommended for severe or ongoing blockages that do not respond to other treatments.
Most people recover well once the blockage is removed and saliva flow returns to normal.
