What Is Medial Epicondylitis?
Medial epicondylitis, often called golfer’s elbow, is a condition that causes pain on the inside of the elbow. It happens when the tendons that connect the forearm muscles to the elbow become irritated from repeated stress or overuse.
The condition is most often caused by repeated stress on the forearm tendons. Activities that may contribute include:
- Golf, baseball, tennis, or other throwing sports
- Repetitive lifting or carrying
- Frequent use of tools or equipment
- Poor form during sports or exercise
- Weakness in the wrist, forearm, or shoulder muscles
Although it is common in golfers and throwing athletes, anyone can develop this condition. Repetitive gripping, lifting, or wrist movements at work or during daily activities can strain the tendons over time.
Symptoms
Medial epicondylitis usually develops gradually and may become worse with continued activity. Symptoms often affect the inner elbow and forearm.
Common symptoms include:
- Pain or tenderness on the inside of the elbow
- Aching that spreads into the forearm or wrist
- Pain when gripping, lifting, or bending the wrist
- Weak grip strength
- Stiffness or discomfort during repetitive movements
How Is It Diagnosed?
A healthcare provider can often diagnose medial epicondylitis with a physical exam and discussion about your symptoms and activities. During the exam, your provider may check for tenderness around the inner elbow and test movements that trigger pain.
Imaging tests such as X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI may sometimes be recommended to rule out other injuries or evaluate ongoing symptoms.
How Is It Treated?
Treatment usually starts with nonsurgical care focused on reducing strain and helping the tendon heal. Many people improve with rest and targeted therapy.
Common treatments may include:
- Rest or temporary changes to activities
- Ice to reduce pain and swelling
- Anti-inflammatory medications
- Bracing or forearm support straps
- Stretching and strengthening exercises
- Physical therapy to improve flexibility and movement patterns
If symptoms continue, additional treatments such as injections may be considered. Surgery is rarely needed and is typically reserved for severe cases that do not improve after several months of conservative treatment.
Recovery time varies, but many people begin feeling better within a few weeks to months when they follow a treatment plan and avoid repetitive strain.
