What Is Hepatitis A?
Hepatitis A is a viral infection that causes inflammation in the liver. The virus spreads easily from person to person, most often through contaminated food, water, or close contact with someone who is infected.
Unlike some other types of hepatitis, hepatitis A usually does not lead to long-term liver disease. Most people recover fully with rest and supportive care.
Hepatitis A spreads when the virus enters the body through contaminated food, drinks, or unwashed hands. It can also spread through close personal contact with someone who has the infection.
Certain factors may increase your risk, including:
- Traveling to areas where hepatitis A is more common
- Living with or caring for someone who is infected
- Drug use
- Chronic liver disease
- Working in childcare or group living settings
Vaccination and good handwashing habits are important ways to help prevent hepatitis A.
Symptoms
Symptoms of hepatitis A can appear suddenly and may range from mild to severe. Some children may not have symptoms at all.
Common symptoms include:
- Fever
- Tiredness
- Nausea or vomiting
- Loss of appetite
- Stomach pain
- Joint pain
- Diarrhea
- Dark urine
- Pale-colored stools
- Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)
How Is It Diagnosed?
A healthcare provider will review your symptoms, ask about your medical history, and perform a physical exam. Blood tests are used to confirm the infection by checking for antibodies related to the hepatitis A virus.
Testing may also help evaluate how well the liver is functioning.
How Is It Treated?
There is no specific cure for hepatitis A, and most people recover on their own over time. Treatment focuses on helping the body heal and easing symptoms.
Your provider may recommend:
- Plenty of rest
- Staying hydrated
- Eating balanced meals
- Avoiding alcohol
- Limiting medications that may stress the liver
Most people begin to feel better within several weeks, although full recovery may take several months. Severe complications are uncommon but can occur in rare cases.
