What is Chondrosarcoma?

Chondrosarcoma is a type of cancer that begins in cartilage, the smooth tissue that cushions joints and supports bones. Over time, abnormal cells grow and form a tumor, most often in the pelvis, the thighbone, the shoulder, or the spine. It is one of the more common bone cancers seen in adults.

Symptoms and Causes

Chondrosarcoma can develop slowly, and symptoms may not appear right away. When they do, they often relate to the tumor’s size and location.

Common symptoms include:

• A noticeable lump or swelling near a bone
• Ongoing pain that gradually worsens
• Stiffness or limited movement in a joint
• Weakness in a limb
• Pressure or discomfort in the affected area
• Changes in bowel or bladder habits (if the pelvis is involved)

The exact cause is not fully understood. However, certain factors may increase risk:

• Older age
• Genetic conditions affecting bone or cartilage
• History of benign cartilage tumors

How is it diagnosed?

Your provider will begin with a physical exam and a discussion of your symptoms. Imaging tests are used to examine the affected area and may include X-rays, MRIs, or CT scans.

If a tumor is found, a biopsy is needed to confirm whether cancer cells are present. Additional tests may be performed to determine how advanced the condition is and whether it has spread.

How is it treated?

Treatment depends on the tumor’s size, location, and how aggressive it is.

Common approaches include:

• Surgery: The main treatment, focused on removing the tumor while preserving as much healthy tissue as possible
• Radiation therapy: May be used after surgery or when surgery isn’t an option
• Chemotherapy: Used in certain advanced or fast-growing cases

After surgery, physical therapy often plays an important role in helping you regain strength and mobility. Recovery time varies, and ongoing follow-up care is essential to monitor healing and watch for recurrence.