What is Aortic Valve Regurgitation?

Aortic valve regurgitation is a heart condition where one of the heart’s valves does not close tightly. This allows some blood to leak backward instead of moving forward to the body. Over time, this can make the heart work harder than normal.

The condition may develop slowly or happen suddenly. In many cases, people don’t notice symptoms right away.

Possible causes and risk factors include:

• Natural aging and valve wear
• High blood pressure
• Heart valve differences present at birth
• Past infections or inflammatory conditions
• Enlargement of the aorta
• Connective tissue disorders
• Injury or infection affecting the heart

Symptoms

Aortic valve regurgitation often develops quietly. As it progresses, symptoms may begin to appear.

Common symptoms include:

• Shortness of breath, especially during activity or when lying down
• Feeling unusually tired
• Awareness of a fast or pounding heartbeat
• Swelling in the legs or abdomen
• Chest discomfort with exertion

In severe or sudden cases, symptoms may develop quickly and require urgent care.

How is it diagnosed?

Your provider will begin with a physical exam and listen for changes in heart sounds. If a valve issue is suspected, imaging tests are used to confirm the diagnosis.

The most common test is an echocardiogram, which uses sound waves to create pictures of the heart. Other tools, such as MRI, CT scans, or ECGs, may be used to better understand heart function and structure.

How is it treated?

Treatment depends on the severity of the condition and whether symptoms are present.

For mild cases, regular monitoring may be all that’s needed. Medications can help manage blood pressure, reduce fluid buildup, and support heart function.

If the condition progresses, surgery may be recommended to repair or replace the valve. In urgent situations, such as sudden valve failure, immediate treatment is required.

With proper care, many people can manage symptoms and maintain a good quality of life.